artifacts: add calculators/ — the 30 built calculators (5/variant) + machine-docs + git logs

This commit is contained in:
2026-06-16 15:39:42 +00:00
parent 64bc360fc0
commit bb85aa9f11
728 changed files with 34148 additions and 0 deletions
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
"""Evaluator for the arithmetic AST produced by calc.parser.
evaluate(node) -> int | float
Whole-valued results are returned as int ("4/2" -> 2).
Non-whole results are returned as float ("7/2" -> 3.5).
Division by zero raises EvalError.
"""
from __future__ import annotations
from calc.parser import Node, Num, BinOp, Unary
class EvalError(Exception):
pass
def _normalize(val: int | float) -> int | float:
"""Return int if val is a whole-valued float, otherwise unchanged."""
if isinstance(val, float) and val.is_integer():
return int(val)
return val
def evaluate(node: Node) -> int | float:
"""Walk an AST node and return its numeric value."""
if isinstance(node, Num):
return node.value
if isinstance(node, BinOp):
l = evaluate(node.left)
r = evaluate(node.right)
if node.op == '+':
return _normalize(l + r)
if node.op == '-':
return _normalize(l - r)
if node.op == '*':
return _normalize(l * r)
if node.op == '/':
if r == 0:
raise EvalError("division by zero")
return _normalize(l / r)
raise EvalError(f"unknown operator {node.op!r}")
if isinstance(node, Unary):
val = evaluate(node.operand)
if node.op == '-':
return _normalize(-val)
raise EvalError(f"unknown unary operator {node.op!r}")
raise EvalError(f"unknown AST node type {type(node).__name__!r}")
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
from dataclasses import dataclass
from typing import List
class LexError(Exception):
pass
@dataclass
class Token:
kind: str
value: object
_SINGLE = {'+': 'PLUS', '-': 'MINUS', '*': 'STAR', '/': 'SLASH',
'(': 'LPAREN', ')': 'RPAREN'}
def tokenize(src: str) -> List[Token]:
tokens: List[Token] = []
i = 0
while i < len(src):
ch = src[i]
if ch in ' \t\n\r':
i += 1
continue
if ch.isdigit() or ch == '.':
j = i
while j < len(src) and (src[j].isdigit() or src[j] == '.'):
j += 1
raw = src[i:j]
try:
value = float(raw) if '.' in raw else int(raw)
except ValueError:
raise LexError(f"invalid number literal {raw!r} at position {i}")
tokens.append(Token('NUMBER', value))
i = j
continue
if ch in _SINGLE:
tokens.append(Token(_SINGLE[ch], ch))
i += 1
continue
raise LexError(f"unexpected character {ch!r} at position {i}")
tokens.append(Token('EOF', None))
return tokens
@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
"""Recursive-descent parser for arithmetic expressions.
Grammar (precedence low → high):
expr ::= term (('+' | '-') term)*
term ::= unary (('*' | '/') unary)*
unary ::= '-' unary | primary
primary::= NUMBER | '(' expr ')'
AST node shapes:
Num(value) leaf; value is int or float
BinOp(op, left, right) op is '+', '-', '*', or '/'
Unary(op, operand) op is '-'
"""
from __future__ import annotations
from dataclasses import dataclass
from typing import List, Union
from calc.lexer import Token
class ParseError(Exception):
pass
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# AST nodes
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@dataclass
class Num:
value: Union[int, float]
def __repr__(self) -> str:
return f"Num({self.value!r})"
@dataclass
class BinOp:
op: str
left: "Node"
right: "Node"
def __repr__(self) -> str:
return f"BinOp({self.op!r}, {self.left!r}, {self.right!r})"
@dataclass
class Unary:
op: str
operand: "Node"
def __repr__(self) -> str:
return f"Unary({self.op!r}, {self.operand!r})"
Node = Union[Num, BinOp, Unary]
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Parser
# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
class _Parser:
def __init__(self, tokens: List[Token]) -> None:
self._tokens = tokens
self._pos = 0
def _peek(self) -> Token:
return self._tokens[self._pos]
def _consume(self, kind: str) -> Token:
tok = self._peek()
if tok.kind != kind:
raise ParseError(
f"expected {kind!r} but got {tok.kind!r} (value={tok.value!r})"
)
self._pos += 1
return tok
def _advance(self) -> Token:
tok = self._tokens[self._pos]
self._pos += 1
return tok
# expr ::= term (('+' | '-') term)*
def _expr(self) -> Node:
node = self._term()
while self._peek().kind in ('PLUS', 'MINUS'):
op_tok = self._advance()
right = self._term()
node = BinOp(op_tok.value, node, right)
return node
# term ::= unary (('*' | '/') unary)*
def _term(self) -> Node:
node = self._unary()
while self._peek().kind in ('STAR', 'SLASH'):
op_tok = self._advance()
right = self._unary()
node = BinOp(op_tok.value, node, right)
return node
# unary ::= '-' unary | primary
def _unary(self) -> Node:
if self._peek().kind == 'MINUS':
op_tok = self._advance()
return Unary(op_tok.value, self._unary())
return self._primary()
# primary ::= NUMBER | '(' expr ')'
def _primary(self) -> Node:
tok = self._peek()
if tok.kind == 'NUMBER':
self._advance()
return Num(tok.value)
if tok.kind == 'LPAREN':
self._advance()
node = self._expr()
self._consume('RPAREN')
return node
if tok.kind == 'EOF':
raise ParseError("unexpected end of input")
raise ParseError(f"unexpected token {tok.kind!r} (value={tok.value!r})")
def parse(self) -> Node:
if self._peek().kind == 'EOF':
raise ParseError("empty expression")
node = self._expr()
if self._peek().kind != 'EOF':
tok = self._peek()
raise ParseError(
f"unexpected token after expression: {tok.kind!r} (value={tok.value!r})"
)
return node
def parse(tokens: List[Token]) -> Node:
"""Parse a token list produced by calc.lexer.tokenize into an AST."""
return _Parser(tokens).parse()
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
import unittest
from calc.lexer import tokenize
from calc.parser import parse
from calc.evaluator import evaluate, EvalError
def calc(s):
return evaluate(parse(tokenize(s)))
class TestArithmetic(unittest.TestCase):
"""D1 — basic arithmetic, precedence, parens, unary minus."""
def test_add_mul_precedence(self):
self.assertEqual(calc("2+3*4"), 14)
def test_parens_override_precedence(self):
self.assertEqual(calc("(2+3)*4"), 20)
def test_left_associative_subtraction(self):
self.assertEqual(calc("8-3-2"), 3)
def test_unary_minus_prefix(self):
self.assertEqual(calc("-2+5"), 3)
def test_unary_minus_in_mul(self):
self.assertEqual(calc("2*-3"), -6)
def test_simple_add(self):
self.assertEqual(calc("1+1"), 2)
def test_simple_sub(self):
self.assertEqual(calc("10-4"), 6)
def test_nested_parens(self):
self.assertEqual(calc("((3+2))*2"), 10)
class TestDivision(unittest.TestCase):
"""D2 — true division and division-by-zero."""
def test_true_division(self):
self.assertAlmostEqual(calc("7/2"), 3.5)
def test_division_by_zero_raises_eval_error(self):
with self.assertRaises(EvalError):
calc("1/0")
def test_division_by_zero_not_bare(self):
"""ZeroDivisionError must NOT escape the API."""
try:
calc("1/0")
except EvalError:
pass
except ZeroDivisionError:
self.fail("ZeroDivisionError escaped; should be wrapped in EvalError")
def test_expression_div_by_zero(self):
with self.assertRaises(EvalError):
calc("5/(3-3)")
class TestResultType(unittest.TestCase):
"""D3 — whole-valued results print without trailing .0."""
def test_whole_division_returns_int(self):
result = calc("4/2")
self.assertEqual(result, 2)
self.assertIsInstance(result, int)
def test_non_whole_division_returns_float(self):
result = calc("7/2")
self.assertIsInstance(result, float)
self.assertAlmostEqual(result, 3.5)
def test_integer_arithmetic_returns_int(self):
result = calc("3+4")
self.assertIsInstance(result, int)
self.assertEqual(result, 7)
def test_str_no_trailing_dot_zero(self):
self.assertEqual(str(calc("4/2")), "2")
def test_str_float_has_decimal(self):
self.assertIn(".", str(calc("7/2")))
if __name__ == "__main__":
unittest.main()
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
import unittest
from calc.lexer import tokenize, Token, LexError
def kinds(src):
return [t.kind for t in tokenize(src)]
def kv(src):
return [(t.kind, t.value) for t in tokenize(src)]
class TestNumbers(unittest.TestCase):
def test_integer(self):
toks = tokenize("42")
self.assertEqual(toks, [Token('NUMBER', 42), Token('EOF', None)])
self.assertIsInstance(toks[0].value, int)
def test_float_standard(self):
toks = tokenize("3.14")
self.assertEqual(toks, [Token('NUMBER', 3.14), Token('EOF', None)])
self.assertIsInstance(toks[0].value, float)
def test_float_leading_dot(self):
toks = tokenize(".5")
self.assertAlmostEqual(toks[0].value, 0.5)
self.assertIsInstance(toks[0].value, float)
def test_float_trailing_dot(self):
toks = tokenize("10.")
self.assertAlmostEqual(toks[0].value, 10.0)
self.assertIsInstance(toks[0].value, float)
def test_zero(self):
toks = tokenize("0")
self.assertEqual(toks[0], Token('NUMBER', 0))
self.assertIsInstance(toks[0].value, int)
class TestOperatorsAndParens(unittest.TestCase):
def test_all_ops(self):
self.assertEqual(kinds("+-*/()"), ['PLUS','MINUS','STAR','SLASH','LPAREN','RPAREN','EOF'])
def test_expression(self):
self.assertEqual(kinds("1+2*3"), ['NUMBER','PLUS','NUMBER','STAR','NUMBER','EOF'])
def test_values_preserved(self):
self.assertEqual([t.value for t in tokenize("1+2*3")], [1, '+', 2, '*', 3, None])
def test_parens(self):
self.assertEqual(kinds("(1+2)"), ['LPAREN','NUMBER','PLUS','NUMBER','RPAREN','EOF'])
class TestWhitespaceAndErrors(unittest.TestCase):
def test_spaces_between(self):
self.assertEqual(kinds(" 12 + 3 "), ['NUMBER','PLUS','NUMBER','EOF'])
vals = [t.value for t in tokenize(" 12 + 3 ")]
self.assertEqual(vals, [12, '+', 3, None])
def test_complex_expr(self):
toks = tokenize("3.5*(1-2)")
expected_kinds = ['NUMBER','STAR','LPAREN','NUMBER','MINUS','NUMBER','RPAREN','EOF']
self.assertEqual([t.kind for t in toks], expected_kinds)
self.assertAlmostEqual(toks[0].value, 3.5)
def test_tabs(self):
self.assertEqual(kinds("1\t+\t2"), ['NUMBER','PLUS','NUMBER','EOF'])
def test_at_raises(self):
with self.assertRaises(LexError) as ctx:
tokenize("1 @ 2")
self.assertIn('@', str(ctx.exception))
def test_dollar_raises(self):
with self.assertRaises(LexError):
tokenize("$5")
def test_letter_raises(self):
with self.assertRaises(LexError) as ctx:
tokenize("1 x 2")
self.assertIn('x', str(ctx.exception))
def test_error_position_in_message(self):
try:
tokenize("1 @ 2")
except LexError as e:
self.assertIn('2', str(e)) # position 2
def test_malformed_float_raises_lex_error(self):
with self.assertRaises(LexError):
tokenize("..")
def test_malformed_float_multiple_dots_raises_lex_error(self):
with self.assertRaises(LexError):
tokenize("1.2.3")
def test_bare_dot_raises_lex_error(self):
with self.assertRaises(LexError):
tokenize(".")
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()
@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
"""Test suite for calc.parser — asserts on AST structure."""
import unittest
from calc.lexer import tokenize
from calc.parser import parse, ParseError, Num, BinOp, Unary
def p(src: str):
return parse(tokenize(src))
class TestPrecedence(unittest.TestCase):
"""D1 — * and / bind tighter than + and -."""
def test_add_then_mul(self):
# 1+2*3 → BinOp('+', Num(1), BinOp('*', Num(2), Num(3)))
tree = p("1+2*3")
self.assertEqual(tree, BinOp('+', Num(1), BinOp('*', Num(2), Num(3))))
def test_mul_then_add(self):
# 2*3+1 → BinOp('+', BinOp('*', Num(2), Num(3)), Num(1))
tree = p("2*3+1")
self.assertEqual(tree, BinOp('+', BinOp('*', Num(2), Num(3)), Num(1)))
def test_sub_then_div(self):
# 10-6/2 → BinOp('-', Num(10), BinOp('/', Num(6), Num(2)))
tree = p("10-6/2")
self.assertEqual(tree, BinOp('-', Num(10), BinOp('/', Num(6), Num(2))))
def test_mul_and_div_chain(self):
# 2+3*4-1 → BinOp('-', BinOp('+', Num(2), BinOp('*', Num(3), Num(4))), Num(1))
tree = p("2+3*4-1")
expected = BinOp('-', BinOp('+', Num(2), BinOp('*', Num(3), Num(4))), Num(1))
self.assertEqual(tree, expected)
class TestLeftAssociativity(unittest.TestCase):
"""D2 — same-precedence operators are left-associative."""
def test_sub_left(self):
# 8-3-2 → BinOp('-', BinOp('-', Num(8), Num(3)), Num(2))
tree = p("8-3-2")
self.assertEqual(tree, BinOp('-', BinOp('-', Num(8), Num(3)), Num(2)))
def test_div_left(self):
# 8/4/2 → BinOp('/', BinOp('/', Num(8), Num(4)), Num(2))
tree = p("8/4/2")
self.assertEqual(tree, BinOp('/', BinOp('/', Num(8), Num(4)), Num(2)))
def test_add_left(self):
# 1+2+3 → BinOp('+', BinOp('+', Num(1), Num(2)), Num(3))
tree = p("1+2+3")
self.assertEqual(tree, BinOp('+', BinOp('+', Num(1), Num(2)), Num(3)))
def test_mul_left(self):
# 2*3*4 → BinOp('*', BinOp('*', Num(2), Num(3)), Num(4))
tree = p("2*3*4")
self.assertEqual(tree, BinOp('*', BinOp('*', Num(2), Num(3)), Num(4)))
class TestParentheses(unittest.TestCase):
"""D3 — parentheses override precedence."""
def test_paren_overrides_mul(self):
# (1+2)*3 → BinOp('*', BinOp('+', Num(1), Num(2)), Num(3))
tree = p("(1+2)*3")
self.assertEqual(tree, BinOp('*', BinOp('+', Num(1), Num(2)), Num(3)))
def test_paren_overrides_div(self):
# 6/(1+2) → BinOp('/', Num(6), BinOp('+', Num(1), Num(2)))
tree = p("6/(1+2)")
self.assertEqual(tree, BinOp('/', Num(6), BinOp('+', Num(1), Num(2))))
def test_nested_parens(self):
# ((2+3)) → BinOp('+', Num(2), Num(3))
tree = p("((2+3))")
self.assertEqual(tree, BinOp('+', Num(2), Num(3)))
def test_paren_single_number(self):
tree = p("(42)")
self.assertEqual(tree, Num(42))
class TestUnaryMinus(unittest.TestCase):
"""D4 — unary minus."""
def test_simple_unary(self):
# -5 → Unary('-', Num(5))
tree = p("-5")
self.assertEqual(tree, Unary('-', Num(5)))
def test_unary_parens(self):
# -(1+2) → Unary('-', BinOp('+', Num(1), Num(2)))
tree = p("-(1+2)")
self.assertEqual(tree, Unary('-', BinOp('+', Num(1), Num(2))))
def test_mul_unary(self):
# 3 * -2 → BinOp('*', Num(3), Unary('-', Num(2)))
tree = p("3 * -2")
self.assertEqual(tree, BinOp('*', Num(3), Unary('-', Num(2))))
def test_double_unary(self):
# --5 → Unary('-', Unary('-', Num(5)))
tree = p("--5")
self.assertEqual(tree, Unary('-', Unary('-', Num(5))))
def test_unary_in_add(self):
# 1 + -2 → BinOp('+', Num(1), Unary('-', Num(2)))
tree = p("1 + -2")
self.assertEqual(tree, BinOp('+', Num(1), Unary('-', Num(2))))
class TestErrors(unittest.TestCase):
"""D5 — malformed input raises ParseError."""
def test_trailing_operator(self):
with self.assertRaises(ParseError):
p("1 +")
def test_unclosed_paren(self):
with self.assertRaises(ParseError):
p("(1")
def test_extra_number(self):
with self.assertRaises(ParseError):
p("1 2")
def test_close_before_open(self):
with self.assertRaises(ParseError):
p(")(")
def test_empty_string(self):
with self.assertRaises(ParseError):
p("")
def test_only_operator(self):
with self.assertRaises(ParseError):
p("*")
def test_mismatched_parens(self):
with self.assertRaises(ParseError):
p("(1+2))")
if __name__ == "__main__":
unittest.main()