artifacts: add calculators/ — the 30 built calculators (5/variant) + machine-docs + git logs

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2026-06-16 15:39:42 +00:00
parent 64bc360fc0
commit bb85aa9f11
728 changed files with 34148 additions and 0 deletions

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from calc.parser import Num, BinOp, Unary
class EvalError(Exception):
pass
def evaluate(node) -> int | float:
"""Walk an AST node and return the numeric result.
Returns int for whole-valued results, float otherwise.
Raises EvalError on division by zero.
"""
if isinstance(node, Num):
return node.value
if isinstance(node, Unary):
return -evaluate(node.operand)
if isinstance(node, BinOp):
left = evaluate(node.left)
right = evaluate(node.right)
if node.op == '+':
result = left + right
elif node.op == '-':
result = left - right
elif node.op == '*':
result = left * right
elif node.op == '/':
if right == 0:
raise EvalError("division by zero")
result = left / right
else:
raise EvalError(f"unknown operator {node.op!r}")
# Return int when the result is whole-valued
if isinstance(result, float) and result.is_integer():
return int(result)
return result
raise EvalError(f"unknown node type {type(node)!r}")

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from dataclasses import dataclass
from typing import Any
class LexError(Exception):
pass
@dataclass
class Token:
kind: str
value: Any
_SINGLE = {
'+': 'PLUS',
'-': 'MINUS',
'*': 'STAR',
'/': 'SLASH',
'(': 'LPAREN',
')': 'RPAREN',
}
def tokenize(src: str) -> list:
tokens = []
i = 0
while i < len(src):
ch = src[i]
if ch in ' \t':
i += 1
continue
if ch in _SINGLE:
tokens.append(Token(_SINGLE[ch], ch))
i += 1
continue
if ch.isdigit() or ch == '.':
j = i
while j < len(src) and (src[j].isdigit() or src[j] == '.'):
j += 1
num_str = src[i:j]
value = float(num_str) if '.' in num_str else int(num_str)
tokens.append(Token('NUMBER', value))
i = j
continue
raise LexError(f"unexpected character {ch!r} at position {i}")
tokens.append(Token('EOF', None))
return tokens

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from dataclasses import dataclass
from typing import Any, List
class ParseError(Exception):
pass
@dataclass
class Num:
value: Any
def __repr__(self):
return f"Num({self.value!r})"
@dataclass
class BinOp:
op: str
left: Any
right: Any
def __repr__(self):
return f"BinOp({self.op!r}, {self.left!r}, {self.right!r})"
@dataclass
class Unary:
op: str
operand: Any
def __repr__(self):
return f"Unary({self.op!r}, {self.operand!r})"
class _Parser:
def __init__(self, tokens):
self._tokens = tokens
self._pos = 0
def _peek(self):
return self._tokens[self._pos]
def _consume(self, kind=None):
tok = self._tokens[self._pos]
if kind is not None and tok.kind != kind:
raise ParseError(f"expected {kind}, got {tok.kind!r} ({tok.value!r})")
self._pos += 1
return tok
def _parse_expr(self):
node = self._parse_term()
while self._peek().kind in ('PLUS', 'MINUS'):
op = self._consume().value
right = self._parse_term()
node = BinOp(op, node, right)
return node
def _parse_term(self):
node = self._parse_unary()
while self._peek().kind in ('STAR', 'SLASH'):
op = self._consume().value
right = self._parse_unary()
node = BinOp(op, node, right)
return node
def _parse_unary(self):
if self._peek().kind == 'MINUS':
op = self._consume().value
operand = self._parse_unary()
return Unary(op, operand)
return self._parse_primary()
def _parse_primary(self):
tok = self._peek()
if tok.kind == 'NUMBER':
self._consume()
return Num(tok.value)
if tok.kind == 'LPAREN':
self._consume()
node = self._parse_expr()
if self._peek().kind != 'RPAREN':
raise ParseError(f"expected ')', got {self._peek().kind!r}")
self._consume()
return node
raise ParseError(f"unexpected token {tok.kind!r} ({tok.value!r})")
def parse(tokens: list):
"""Parse a token list produced by lexer.tokenize() into an AST.
Returns one of: Num(value), BinOp(op, left, right), Unary(op, operand).
Raises ParseError on malformed input.
"""
p = _Parser(tokens)
if p._peek().kind == 'EOF':
raise ParseError("empty input")
node = p._parse_expr()
if p._peek().kind != 'EOF':
raise ParseError(f"unexpected token {p._peek().kind!r} ({p._peek().value!r})")
return node

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import unittest
from calc.lexer import tokenize
from calc.parser import parse
from calc.evaluator import evaluate, EvalError
def calc(s):
return evaluate(parse(tokenize(s)))
class TestArithmetic(unittest.TestCase):
def test_add_mul_precedence(self):
self.assertEqual(calc("2+3*4"), 14)
def test_parens(self):
self.assertEqual(calc("(2+3)*4"), 20)
def test_left_assoc_sub(self):
self.assertEqual(calc("8-3-2"), 3)
def test_unary_minus_add(self):
self.assertEqual(calc("-2+5"), 3)
def test_unary_minus_mul(self):
self.assertEqual(calc("2*-3"), -6)
class TestDivision(unittest.TestCase):
def test_true_division(self):
self.assertEqual(calc("7/2"), 3.5)
def test_div_by_zero(self):
with self.assertRaises(EvalError):
calc("1/0")
def test_div_by_zero_not_bare(self):
try:
calc("5/0")
self.fail("expected EvalError")
except EvalError:
pass
except ZeroDivisionError:
self.fail("bare ZeroDivisionError escaped the API")
class TestResultType(unittest.TestCase):
def test_whole_division_is_int(self):
result = calc("4/2")
self.assertEqual(result, 2)
self.assertIsInstance(result, int)
def test_non_whole_division_is_float(self):
result = calc("7/2")
self.assertEqual(result, 3.5)
self.assertIsInstance(result, float)
def test_integer_arithmetic_stays_int(self):
result = calc("2+3")
self.assertIsInstance(result, int)
def test_negative_whole_division_is_int(self):
result = calc("-4/2")
self.assertEqual(result, -2)
self.assertIsInstance(result, int)
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()

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import unittest
from calc.lexer import tokenize, Token, LexError
def kinds(src):
return [t.kind for t in tokenize(src)]
def vals(src):
return [(t.kind, t.value) for t in tokenize(src)]
class TestNumbers(unittest.TestCase):
def test_integer(self):
toks = tokenize("42")
self.assertEqual(len(toks), 2)
self.assertEqual(toks[0].kind, 'NUMBER')
self.assertEqual(toks[0].value, 42)
self.assertIsInstance(toks[0].value, int)
self.assertEqual(toks[1].kind, 'EOF')
def test_float_standard(self):
toks = tokenize("3.14")
self.assertEqual(toks[0].kind, 'NUMBER')
self.assertAlmostEqual(toks[0].value, 3.14)
self.assertIsInstance(toks[0].value, float)
def test_float_leading_dot(self):
toks = tokenize(".5")
self.assertEqual(toks[0].kind, 'NUMBER')
self.assertAlmostEqual(toks[0].value, 0.5)
self.assertIsInstance(toks[0].value, float)
def test_float_trailing_dot(self):
toks = tokenize("10.")
self.assertEqual(toks[0].kind, 'NUMBER')
self.assertAlmostEqual(toks[0].value, 10.0)
self.assertIsInstance(toks[0].value, float)
class TestOperatorsAndParens(unittest.TestCase):
def test_single_plus(self):
self.assertEqual(kinds("+"), ['PLUS', 'EOF'])
def test_single_minus(self):
self.assertEqual(kinds("-"), ['MINUS', 'EOF'])
def test_single_star(self):
self.assertEqual(kinds("*"), ['STAR', 'EOF'])
def test_single_slash(self):
self.assertEqual(kinds("/"), ['SLASH', 'EOF'])
def test_single_lparen(self):
self.assertEqual(kinds("("), ['LPAREN', 'EOF'])
def test_single_rparen(self):
self.assertEqual(kinds(")"), ['RPAREN', 'EOF'])
def test_expression_1_plus_2_star_3(self):
self.assertEqual(kinds("1+2*3"), ['NUMBER', 'PLUS', 'NUMBER', 'STAR', 'NUMBER', 'EOF'])
def test_complex_expression(self):
self.assertEqual(kinds("3.5*(1-2)"), ['NUMBER', 'STAR', 'LPAREN', 'NUMBER', 'MINUS', 'NUMBER', 'RPAREN', 'EOF'])
class TestWhitespaceAndErrors(unittest.TestCase):
def test_spaces_between_tokens(self):
self.assertEqual(kinds(" 12 + 3 "), ['NUMBER', 'PLUS', 'NUMBER', 'EOF'])
toks = tokenize(" 12 + 3 ")
self.assertEqual(toks[0].value, 12)
self.assertEqual(toks[2].value, 3)
def test_tabs_skipped(self):
self.assertEqual(kinds("1\t+\t2"), ['NUMBER', 'PLUS', 'NUMBER', 'EOF'])
def test_complex_with_parens(self):
self.assertEqual(kinds("3.5*(1-2)"), ['NUMBER', 'STAR', 'LPAREN', 'NUMBER', 'MINUS', 'NUMBER', 'RPAREN', 'EOF'])
def test_at_sign_raises_lex_error(self):
with self.assertRaises(LexError) as ctx:
tokenize("1 @ 2")
self.assertIn('@', str(ctx.exception))
def test_dollar_raises_lex_error(self):
with self.assertRaises(LexError):
tokenize("$100")
def test_letter_raises_lex_error(self):
with self.assertRaises(LexError):
tokenize("abc")
def test_error_includes_position(self):
with self.assertRaises(LexError) as ctx:
tokenize("1 @ 2")
msg = str(ctx.exception)
self.assertIn('2', msg) # position 2
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()

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import unittest
from calc.lexer import tokenize
from calc.parser import parse, ParseError, Num, BinOp, Unary
def p(src):
return parse(tokenize(src))
class TestPrecedence(unittest.TestCase):
"""D1 — * and / bind tighter than + and -."""
def test_add_then_mul(self):
# 1+2*3 => BinOp('+', Num(1), BinOp('*', Num(2), Num(3)))
result = p("1+2*3")
self.assertEqual(result, BinOp('+', Num(1), BinOp('*', Num(2), Num(3))))
def test_mul_then_add(self):
# 2*3+1 => BinOp('+', BinOp('*', Num(2), Num(3)), Num(1))
result = p("2*3+1")
self.assertEqual(result, BinOp('+', BinOp('*', Num(2), Num(3)), Num(1)))
def test_sub_then_div(self):
# 10-4/2 => BinOp('-', Num(10), BinOp('/', Num(4), Num(2)))
result = p("10-4/2")
self.assertEqual(result, BinOp('-', Num(10), BinOp('/', Num(4), Num(2))))
def test_single_number(self):
self.assertEqual(p("42"), Num(42))
def test_single_add(self):
self.assertEqual(p("1+2"), BinOp('+', Num(1), Num(2)))
class TestAssociativity(unittest.TestCase):
"""D2 — same-precedence operators associate left."""
def test_subtraction_left(self):
# 8-3-2 => BinOp('-', BinOp('-', Num(8), Num(3)), Num(2))
result = p("8-3-2")
self.assertEqual(result, BinOp('-', BinOp('-', Num(8), Num(3)), Num(2)))
def test_division_left(self):
# 8/4/2 => BinOp('/', BinOp('/', Num(8), Num(4)), Num(2))
result = p("8/4/2")
self.assertEqual(result, BinOp('/', BinOp('/', Num(8), Num(4)), Num(2)))
def test_addition_left(self):
# 1+2+3 => BinOp('+', BinOp('+', Num(1), Num(2)), Num(3))
result = p("1+2+3")
self.assertEqual(result, BinOp('+', BinOp('+', Num(1), Num(2)), Num(3)))
def test_multiplication_left(self):
# 2*3*4 => BinOp('*', BinOp('*', Num(2), Num(3)), Num(4))
result = p("2*3*4")
self.assertEqual(result, BinOp('*', BinOp('*', Num(2), Num(3)), Num(4)))
class TestParentheses(unittest.TestCase):
"""D3 — parentheses override precedence."""
def test_parens_override_mul(self):
# (1+2)*3 => BinOp('*', BinOp('+', Num(1), Num(2)), Num(3))
result = p("(1+2)*3")
self.assertEqual(result, BinOp('*', BinOp('+', Num(1), Num(2)), Num(3)))
def test_parens_inside(self):
# 3*(1+2) => BinOp('*', Num(3), BinOp('+', Num(1), Num(2)))
result = p("3*(1+2)")
self.assertEqual(result, BinOp('*', Num(3), BinOp('+', Num(1), Num(2))))
def test_nested_parens(self):
# ((4)) => Num(4)
result = p("((4))")
self.assertEqual(result, Num(4))
def test_parens_in_add_chain(self):
# 1+(2+3) => BinOp('+', Num(1), BinOp('+', Num(2), Num(3)))
result = p("1+(2+3)")
self.assertEqual(result, BinOp('+', Num(1), BinOp('+', Num(2), Num(3))))
class TestUnaryMinus(unittest.TestCase):
"""D4 — unary minus."""
def test_simple_unary(self):
# -5 => Unary('-', Num(5))
result = p("-5")
self.assertEqual(result, Unary('-', Num(5)))
def test_unary_paren(self):
# -(1+2) => Unary('-', BinOp('+', Num(1), Num(2)))
result = p("-(1+2)")
self.assertEqual(result, Unary('-', BinOp('+', Num(1), Num(2))))
def test_mul_unary(self):
# 3 * -2 => BinOp('*', Num(3), Unary('-', Num(2)))
result = p("3 * -2")
self.assertEqual(result, BinOp('*', Num(3), Unary('-', Num(2))))
def test_double_unary(self):
# --5 => Unary('-', Unary('-', Num(5)))
result = p("--5")
self.assertEqual(result, Unary('-', Unary('-', Num(5))))
def test_unary_in_add(self):
# 1 + -2 => BinOp('+', Num(1), Unary('-', Num(2)))
result = p("1 + -2")
self.assertEqual(result, BinOp('+', Num(1), Unary('-', Num(2))))
class TestErrors(unittest.TestCase):
"""D5 — malformed input raises ParseError."""
def test_trailing_plus(self):
with self.assertRaises(ParseError):
p("1 +")
def test_unclosed_paren(self):
with self.assertRaises(ParseError):
p("(1")
def test_two_consecutive_numbers(self):
with self.assertRaises(ParseError):
p("1 2")
def test_mismatched_parens(self):
with self.assertRaises(ParseError):
p(")(")
def test_empty_string(self):
with self.assertRaises(ParseError):
p("")
def test_just_operator(self):
with self.assertRaises(ParseError):
p("*")
def test_error_is_parse_error_not_other(self):
for bad in ("1 +", "(1", "1 2", ")(", ""):
with self.subTest(src=bad):
with self.assertRaises(ParseError):
p(bad)
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()