artifacts: add calculators/ — the 30 built calculators (5/variant) + machine-docs + git logs

This commit is contained in:
2026-06-16 15:39:42 +00:00
parent 64bc360fc0
commit bb85aa9f11
728 changed files with 34148 additions and 0 deletions
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
from calc.parser import Num, BinOp, Unary
class EvalError(Exception):
pass
def evaluate(node) -> "int | float":
if isinstance(node, Num):
return node.value
if isinstance(node, Unary):
if node.op == '-':
return -evaluate(node.operand)
raise EvalError(f"unknown unary op: {node.op!r}")
if isinstance(node, BinOp):
left = evaluate(node.left)
right = evaluate(node.right)
if node.op == '+':
return left + right
if node.op == '-':
return left - right
if node.op == '*':
return left * right
if node.op == '/':
if right == 0:
raise EvalError("division by zero")
return left / right
raise EvalError(f"unknown binary op: {node.op!r}")
raise EvalError(f"unknown node type: {type(node).__name__}")
def format_result(value) -> str:
"""Whole-valued results print without .0; non-whole as float."""
if isinstance(value, float) and value == int(value):
return str(int(value))
return str(value)
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
class LexError(Exception):
pass
class Token:
def __init__(self, kind: str, value):
self.kind = kind
self.value = value
def __repr__(self):
return f"{self.kind}({self.value!r})"
def __eq__(self, other):
return isinstance(other, Token) and self.kind == other.kind and self.value == other.value
_SINGLE = {'+': 'PLUS', '-': 'MINUS', '*': 'STAR', '/': 'SLASH', '(': 'LPAREN', ')': 'RPAREN'}
def tokenize(src: str) -> list:
tokens = []
i = 0
while i < len(src):
ch = src[i]
if ch in ' \t':
i += 1
continue
if ch.isdigit() or ch == '.':
j = i
has_dot = False
while j < len(src) and (src[j].isdigit() or (src[j] == '.' and not has_dot)):
if src[j] == '.':
has_dot = True
j += 1
num_str = src[i:j]
if num_str == '.':
raise LexError(f"Invalid character '.' at position {i}")
value = float(num_str) if has_dot else int(num_str)
tokens.append(Token('NUMBER', value))
i = j
continue
if ch in _SINGLE:
tokens.append(Token(_SINGLE[ch], ch))
i += 1
continue
raise LexError(f"Invalid character {ch!r} at position {i}")
tokens.append(Token('EOF', None))
return tokens
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
class ParseError(Exception):
pass
class Num:
def __init__(self, value):
self.value = value
def __repr__(self):
return f"Num({self.value!r})"
def __eq__(self, other):
return isinstance(other, Num) and self.value == other.value
class BinOp:
def __init__(self, op: str, left, right):
self.op = op
self.left = left
self.right = right
def __repr__(self):
return f"BinOp({self.op!r}, {self.left!r}, {self.right!r})"
def __eq__(self, other):
return (isinstance(other, BinOp) and self.op == other.op
and self.left == other.left and self.right == other.right)
class Unary:
def __init__(self, op: str, operand):
self.op = op
self.operand = operand
def __repr__(self):
return f"Unary({self.op!r}, {self.operand!r})"
def __eq__(self, other):
return (isinstance(other, Unary) and self.op == other.op
and self.operand == other.operand)
class _Parser:
def __init__(self, tokens):
self._tokens = tokens
self._pos = 0
def _current(self):
return self._tokens[self._pos]
def _advance(self):
tok = self._tokens[self._pos]
if tok.kind != 'EOF':
self._pos += 1
return tok
def _expect(self, kind):
tok = self._current()
if tok.kind != kind:
raise ParseError(f"expected {kind}, got {tok!r}")
return self._advance()
def expr(self):
left = self._term()
while self._current().kind in ('PLUS', 'MINUS'):
op = self._advance().value
right = self._term()
left = BinOp(op, left, right)
return left
def _term(self):
left = self._unary()
while self._current().kind in ('STAR', 'SLASH'):
op = self._advance().value
right = self._unary()
left = BinOp(op, left, right)
return left
def _unary(self):
if self._current().kind == 'MINUS':
self._advance()
operand = self._unary()
return Unary('-', operand)
return self._primary()
def _primary(self):
tok = self._current()
if tok.kind == 'NUMBER':
self._advance()
return Num(tok.value)
if tok.kind == 'LPAREN':
self._advance()
node = self.expr()
self._expect('RPAREN')
return node
raise ParseError(f"unexpected token {tok!r}")
def parse(tokens) -> object:
"""Parse a token list (from lexer.tokenize) into an AST.
Returns the root Node, one of:
Num(value) — numeric literal
BinOp(op, left, right) — binary + - * /
Unary(op, operand) — unary -
Raises ParseError on malformed input.
"""
if not tokens or (len(tokens) == 1 and tokens[0].kind == 'EOF'):
raise ParseError("empty input")
p = _Parser(tokens)
node = p.expr()
if p._current().kind != 'EOF':
raise ParseError(f"unexpected token after expression: {p._current()!r}")
return node
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
import subprocess
import sys
import unittest
from calc.lexer import tokenize
from calc.parser import parse
from calc.evaluator import EvalError, evaluate, format_result
def calc(expr):
return evaluate(parse(tokenize(expr)))
class TestArithmetic(unittest.TestCase):
def test_add_mul_precedence(self):
self.assertEqual(calc("2+3*4"), 14)
def test_parens(self):
self.assertEqual(calc("(2+3)*4"), 20)
def test_left_assoc_subtract(self):
self.assertEqual(calc("8-3-2"), 3)
def test_unary_minus(self):
self.assertEqual(calc("-2+5"), 3)
def test_unary_minus_rhs(self):
self.assertEqual(calc("2*-3"), -6)
class TestDivision(unittest.TestCase):
def test_true_division(self):
self.assertAlmostEqual(calc("7/2"), 3.5)
def test_division_by_zero(self):
with self.assertRaises(EvalError):
calc("1/0")
def test_division_by_zero_not_bare(self):
try:
calc("1/0")
except EvalError:
pass
except ZeroDivisionError:
self.fail("ZeroDivisionError escaped the API; should be EvalError")
class TestResultType(unittest.TestCase):
def test_whole_float_prints_as_int(self):
self.assertEqual(format_result(calc("4/2")), "2")
def test_non_whole_prints_as_float(self):
self.assertEqual(format_result(calc("7/2")), "3.5")
def test_integer_result(self):
self.assertEqual(format_result(calc("2+3*4")), "14")
class TestCLI(unittest.TestCase):
def _run(self, expr):
return subprocess.run(
[sys.executable, "calc.py", expr],
capture_output=True, text=True
)
def test_valid_expression(self):
r = self._run("2+3*4")
self.assertEqual(r.returncode, 0)
self.assertEqual(r.stdout.strip(), "14")
def test_invalid_expression_stderr_nonzero(self):
r = self._run("1 +")
self.assertNotEqual(r.returncode, 0)
self.assertTrue(r.stderr.strip(), "expected error message on stderr")
def test_division_by_zero_cli(self):
r = self._run("1/0")
self.assertNotEqual(r.returncode, 0)
self.assertTrue(r.stderr.strip())
if __name__ == "__main__":
unittest.main()
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
import unittest
from calc.lexer import tokenize, Token, LexError
def kinds(src):
return [t.kind for t in tokenize(src)]
class TestNumbers(unittest.TestCase):
def test_integer(self):
tokens = tokenize("42")
self.assertEqual(tokens, [Token('NUMBER', 42), Token('EOF', None)])
def test_float(self):
tokens = tokenize("3.14")
self.assertEqual(tokens[0].kind, 'NUMBER')
self.assertAlmostEqual(tokens[0].value, 3.14)
self.assertEqual(tokens[1].kind, 'EOF')
def test_leading_dot(self):
tokens = tokenize(".5")
self.assertEqual(tokens[0].kind, 'NUMBER')
self.assertAlmostEqual(tokens[0].value, 0.5)
def test_trailing_dot(self):
tokens = tokenize("10.")
self.assertEqual(tokens[0].kind, 'NUMBER')
self.assertAlmostEqual(tokens[0].value, 10.0)
class TestOperatorsAndParens(unittest.TestCase):
def test_each_operator(self):
self.assertEqual(kinds("+"), ['PLUS', 'EOF'])
self.assertEqual(kinds("-"), ['MINUS', 'EOF'])
self.assertEqual(kinds("*"), ['STAR', 'EOF'])
self.assertEqual(kinds("/"), ['SLASH', 'EOF'])
self.assertEqual(kinds("("), ['LPAREN', 'EOF'])
self.assertEqual(kinds(")"), ['RPAREN', 'EOF'])
def test_expression_kinds(self):
self.assertEqual(kinds("1+2*3"), ['NUMBER', 'PLUS', 'NUMBER', 'STAR', 'NUMBER', 'EOF'])
class TestWhitespace(unittest.TestCase):
def test_spaces(self):
tokens = tokenize(" 12 + 3 ")
self.assertEqual([t.kind for t in tokens], ['NUMBER', 'PLUS', 'NUMBER', 'EOF'])
self.assertEqual(tokens[0].value, 12)
self.assertEqual(tokens[2].value, 3)
def test_tabs(self):
tokens = tokenize("1\t+\t2")
self.assertEqual([t.kind for t in tokens], ['NUMBER', 'PLUS', 'NUMBER', 'EOF'])
class TestErrors(unittest.TestCase):
def test_at_sign_raises_lex_error(self):
with self.assertRaises(LexError) as ctx:
tokenize("1 @ 2")
msg = str(ctx.exception)
self.assertIn('@', msg)
self.assertIn('2', msg) # position 2
def test_dollar_raises_lex_error(self):
with self.assertRaises(LexError):
tokenize("$")
def test_letter_raises_lex_error(self):
with self.assertRaises(LexError):
tokenize("abc")
class TestComplex(unittest.TestCase):
def test_float_expr_with_parens(self):
tokens = tokenize("3.5*(1-2)")
self.assertEqual(
[t.kind for t in tokens],
['NUMBER', 'STAR', 'LPAREN', 'NUMBER', 'MINUS', 'NUMBER', 'RPAREN', 'EOF']
)
self.assertAlmostEqual(tokens[0].value, 3.5)
self.assertEqual(tokens[3].value, 1)
self.assertEqual(tokens[5].value, 2)
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
import unittest
from calc.lexer import tokenize
from calc.parser import parse, ParseError, Num, BinOp, Unary
def p(src):
return parse(tokenize(src))
class TestD1Precedence(unittest.TestCase):
def test_add_then_mul(self):
# 1+2*3 must be 1+(2*3), not (1+2)*3
self.assertEqual(p('1+2*3'), BinOp('+', Num(1), BinOp('*', Num(2), Num(3))))
def test_mul_then_add(self):
# 2*3+1 must be (2*3)+1
self.assertEqual(p('2*3+1'), BinOp('+', BinOp('*', Num(2), Num(3)), Num(1)))
def test_sub_then_div(self):
# 9-4/2 must be 9-(4/2)
self.assertEqual(p('9-4/2'), BinOp('-', Num(9), BinOp('/', Num(4), Num(2))))
class TestD2LeftAssociativity(unittest.TestCase):
def test_subtraction(self):
# 8-3-2 must be (8-3)-2
self.assertEqual(p('8-3-2'), BinOp('-', BinOp('-', Num(8), Num(3)), Num(2)))
def test_division(self):
# 8/4/2 must be (8/4)/2
self.assertEqual(p('8/4/2'), BinOp('/', BinOp('/', Num(8), Num(4)), Num(2)))
def test_addition(self):
# 1+2+3 must be (1+2)+3
self.assertEqual(p('1+2+3'), BinOp('+', BinOp('+', Num(1), Num(2)), Num(3)))
class TestD3Parentheses(unittest.TestCase):
def test_override_precedence(self):
# (1+2)*3: + is under *
self.assertEqual(p('(1+2)*3'), BinOp('*', BinOp('+', Num(1), Num(2)), Num(3)))
def test_nested_parens(self):
# ((2+3)) same as 2+3
self.assertEqual(p('((2+3))'), BinOp('+', Num(2), Num(3)))
def test_parens_right(self):
# 3*(1+2): + is under *, on the right
self.assertEqual(p('3*(1+2)'), BinOp('*', Num(3), BinOp('+', Num(1), Num(2))))
class TestD4UnaryMinus(unittest.TestCase):
def test_simple(self):
self.assertEqual(p('-5'), Unary('-', Num(5)))
def test_paren(self):
# -(1+2)
self.assertEqual(p('-(1+2)'), Unary('-', BinOp('+', Num(1), Num(2))))
def test_after_mul(self):
# 3 * -2
self.assertEqual(p('3 * -2'), BinOp('*', Num(3), Unary('-', Num(2))))
def test_double_unary(self):
# --5 = Unary('-', Unary('-', Num(5)))
self.assertEqual(p('--5'), Unary('-', Unary('-', Num(5))))
class TestD5Errors(unittest.TestCase):
def _raises(self, src):
with self.assertRaises(ParseError, msg=f"expected ParseError for {src!r}"):
p(src)
def test_trailing_op(self):
self._raises('1 +')
def test_unclosed_paren(self):
self._raises('(1')
def test_two_numbers(self):
self._raises('1 2')
def test_close_open_paren(self):
self._raises(')(')
def test_empty(self):
self._raises('')
if __name__ == '__main__':
unittest.main()